Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Primary-School Enrollment by Prefecture, 1986-87

Prefecture	Enrollment	Percentage of Primary-School-Aged Children Enrolled
Batha	4,861	8.0
Biltine	4,401	14.5
Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti	2,542	16.7
Chari-Baguirmi	39,440	33.4
Guéra	25,124	70.7
Kanem	4,898	14.6
Lac	2,441	10.6
Logone Occidental	35,852	70.0
Logone Oriental	43,414	82.1
Mayo-Kebbi	44,510	37.3
Moyen-Chari	64,789	71.6
Ouaddaï	7,653	13.0
Salamat	6,523	35.5
Tanjilé	19,594	37.6
TOTAL	306,042	40.3

Table 3. Cotton Production, 1960-87

	Area Under Cultivation (hectares)	Average Yield (kilograms per hectare)	Total Production (tons)
1960	260,000	152	39,600
1961	288,000	340	97,900
1962	300,000	155	46,700
1963	338,900	278	94,500
1964	286,900	365	104,900
1965	289,200	342	99,100
1966	294,100	295	86,800
1967	303,100	404	122,700
1968	241,000	421	101,600
1969	296,600	500	148,500
1970	292,200	399	116,700
1971	303,000	312	94,600
1972	304,300	356	108,400
1973	273,100	380	104,000
1974	265,000	431	114,400
1975	269,800	532	143,600
1976	332,000	524	174,000
1977	318,800	462	147,300
1978	284,000	441	125,000
1979	267,300	511	136,800
1980	179,800	507	91,300
1981	166,500	514	85,700
1982	133,900	533	71,400
1983	137,700	741	102,100
1984	176,100	900	158,500
1985	141,900	693	98,400
1986	147,300	674	99,400
1987	125,400	713	89,400

Table 4. Production of Selected Agricultural Products, Selected Years, 1961-85

**(in thousands of tons)**
	Millet, Sorghum, and Berbere	Wheat	Rice	Corn	Tubers	Peanuts
1961	715	2¹	211	7¹	201	130
1965	614	3	38	12	232	150
1970	610	n.a.	37	n.a.	303	96
1975	522	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	337	82
1980	450	6²	53²	27²	431	100
1985	526	1	21	48	563	90

n.a.--not available. ¹ 1953-57 average.
² 1979-81 average.

Source: Based on information from United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization Yearbook, Rome, 1985.

Table 5. Direction of Trade, 1979-85

**(in millions of United States dollars)**
	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985
Exports (f.o.b.)¹
Portugal	9.0	14.9	12.7	10.9	13.9	25.7	15.8
West Germany	9.3	10.1	14.1	5.5	13.9	17.7	10.1
Cameroon	4.9	9.1	16.2	7.1	7.8	8.2	7.8
Spain	12.4	6.2	3.5	1.8	2.2	11.2	5.7
Benelux countries	2.5	2.1	2.0	1.7	0.7	2.2	2.8
France	10.6	11.5	5.2	4.8	5.4	10.5	2.1
Italy	1.1	1.0	3.2	1.4	2.8	2.0	1.3
Other	38.5	16.1	26.5	24.5	43.5	32.2	42.0
Total exports	88.3	71.0	83.4	57.7	90.2	109.7	87.6
Imports (c.i.f.)²
France	35.1	12.6	19.1	24.6	25.8	43.4	48.5
United States	3.0	2.0	0.7	1.9	13.8	19.1	27.7
Cameroon	7.3	12.7	21.8	14.3	15.8	16.6	15.7
Italy	2.4	0.3	1.4	2.5	7.0	6.6	13.4
Benelux countries	2.2	1.5	2.9	4.7	4.2	8.3	15.1
West Germany	5.8	3.5	5.0	3.4	5.0	3.3	5.5
Other	29.4	40.9	57.1	57.2	85.7	73.9	90.4
Total imports	85.2	73.5	108.0	108.6	157.3	171.2	216.3

¹ f.o.b.--Free on board.
² c.i.f.--Cost, insurance, and freight.
Source: Based on information from International Monetary Fund, Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook, 1986, Washington, 1987, 133.

Table 6. Balance of Payments, 1978-84

**(in millions of United States dollars)¹**
	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984
Current account (excluding exceptional financing)
Export of all goods²	99.0	88.3	71.0	83.4	57.7	78.2	109.7
(Export of cotton)	67.1	71.5	56.8	52.0	34.9	60.6	96.3
Import of goods²	- 163.4	-64.1	-55.3	-81.2	-81.7	- 99.1	-128.3
Merchandise trade balance	-64.4	24.2	15.7	2.2	-24.0	- 20.9	-18.6
Other goods, services, income (including shipping) net	-87.1	-58.4	-27.5	-22.3	- 18.8	-52.4	-60.4
Private transfers	-11.4	-9.3	-4.1	- 0.6	-0.7	-2.8	-1.7
Official transfers, (including development grants, emergency relief, budget subsidies, military grants)	116.6	35.2	24.5	41.1	61.9	114.1	87.6
Current account balance	-46.3	-8.3	8.6	20.4	18.4	38.0	6.9
Capital account
Long-term capital	36.8	-3.9	-4.2	- 2.1	-1.2	-17.8	4.7
(Direct investment)	35.2	-1.3	-0.4	- 0.1	-0.1	-0.1	9.2
Short-term capital	-3.3	-0.3	0.0	0.0	1.2	- 3.8	-9.5
Counterpart items (including valuation changes in reserves)	0.7	2.3	2.0	2.6	3.2	-1.7	- 0.2
Exceptional financing (including overdrafts with French Treasury, Stabex grants, etc.)	19.8	27.5	18.7	- 16.4	-2.0	10.0	8.8
Errors and omissions	-12.8	-17.3	-28.1	- 3.5	-14.0	-8.6	8.6
Total capital account	41.2	8.3	-11.6	- 19.4	-12.8	-21.9	12.4
Total changes in reserves³	5.3	-0.1	3.1	-0.9	- 5.5	-16.0	-19.2

¹ Converted from International Monetary Fund Special Drawing Rights.
² Free on board.
³ Because of rounding, total changes in reserves plus total capital account may not equal current account balance.

Source: Based on information from International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Yearbook, Washington, 1985, 122-25.

Table 7. External Debt, 1980-85

**(in millions of United States dollars)**
	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985
Long-term	191.8	173.9	144.7	148.1	140.0	149.6
Short-term	5.0	5.0	5.0	3.0	1.0	3.0
International Monetary Fund credit	6.9	8.3	7.8	7.4	4.4	8.7
TOTAL	203.7	187.2	157.5	158.5	145.4	161.3

Table 8. Major Equipment of Chadian National Armed Forces, 1987

Type	In Inventory*	Country of Manufacture
Armored vehicles
Panhard ERC-90 armored cars with 90mm gun	4	France
AML-90 light armored cars, some with 90mm gun	50	-do-
AML-20 light armored cars	6	-do-
V-150 Cadillac Gage armored cars with 90mm gun	8	United States
Artillery
M-101 105mm howitzers	5	-do-
60mm, 82mm, 106mm mortars	n.a.	n.a.
Antitank weapons
Rocket launchers 68mm, 89mm	n.a.	n.a.
106mm recoilless rifles	n.a.	United States
112mm APILAS recoilless rifles	n.a.	France
Milan wire-guided missiles	50	-do-
LAW M-72 launchers	n.a.	United States
Air defense weapons
20mm, 30mm guns	n.a.	France
Redeye, Stinger shoulder-fired missiles	n.a.	United States
SA-7 shoulder-fired missiles	n.a.	Soviet Union
All-terrain vehicles
Toyota 4x4; AM General 4x4; Sovamag TC-10	400	Japan, United States, and France
Trucks
2 1/2 ton cargo	n.a.	France and United States

n.a.--not available.
*Estimated.

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1987-1988, London, 1987,124.

Table 9. Major Equipment Items Captured from Libya, 1987

Type	Number	Country of Manufacture
Armored vehicles
T-54 tanks	3	Soviet Union
T-55 tanks	113	-do-
T-62 tanks	12	-do-
Tank transporters	10	-do-
Cascavel armored cars	8	Brazil
AML-90 armored vehicles	4	France
BMP personnel carriers	146	Soviet Union
BRDM armored reconnaissance vehicles	10	-do-
BTR personnel carriers	10	-do-
Weapons systems
14.5mm heavy machine guns	50	- do-
23mm air defense guns	16	-do-
106mm recoilless rifles	60	n.a.
107mm recoilless rifles	4	n.a.
122mm field howitzers	22	n.a.
SA-6 batteries (tracked missile launcher	12	Soviet Union
accompanied by radar on tracked carriage) SA-13 batteries (launcher and radar on tracked carriage)	4	-do-
Vehicles
Toyota all-terrain mounted with 14.5mm guns	60	Japan and SovietUnion
Toyota troop transporters	194	Japan
Jeeps mounted with 106mm recoilless rifles	30	United States
Land Rovers	24	Britain
Mercedes heavy transport trucks	228	West Germany
Mercedes repair vehicles	12	- do-
Mercedes tank trucks	43	-do-
Aircraft
L-39 Albatros jet trainers	11	Czechoslovakia
SF-260 Marchetti light trainers	9	Italy
Mi-24 helicopters	3	Soviet Union

n.a.--not available.

Source: Based on information from Chad, Kadafi/Tchad: Ingérence, agression, occupation: Livre blanc, N'Djamena, Chad, 1987, 109-10.

Table 10. Major Air Force Equipment, 1987

Type	In Inventory*	Country of Manufacture
C-130 Hercules transport	2	United States
C-47 transport	3	-do-
DC-4 transport	l	-do-
CASA 212 Aviocar transport	l	Spain
Pilatus PC-7 trainer	2	Switzerland
SF-260 Marchetti trainer	n.a.	Italy

n.a.--not available.
*Estimated.

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1987- 1988, London, 1987, 124.

Library of Congress

Comments: lcweb@loc.gov(02/06/97)