BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Zaire
Chapter 1
Anstey, Roger. "Belgian Rule in the Congo and the Aspirations of
the Évolué Class." Pages 194-225 in L.H. Gann and Peter
Duignan (eds.), Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960.
London: Cambridge University Press, 1969.
------. Britain and the Congo in the Nineteenth Century.
Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962. Reprint. Westport, Connecticut:
Greenwood Press, 1981.
------. King Leopold's Legacy. London: Oxford University
Press, 1969.
Ascherson, Neil. The King Incorporated. London: Allen and
Unwin, 1963.
Birmingham, David. Trade and Conflict in Angola. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1966.
Birmingham, David, and Phyllis M. Martin (eds.). History of
Central Africa. (2 vols.) New York: Longman, 1983.
Bobb, F. Scott. Historical Dictionary of Zaire. (African
Historical Dictionaries Series, No. 43.) Metuchen, New Jersey:
Scarecrow Press, 1988.
Brausch, Georges. Belgian Administration in the Congo. New
York: Oxford University Press, 1961. Reprint. Westport,
Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1986.
Bustin, Edouard. Lunda under Belgian Rule: The Politics of
Ethnicity. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1975.
Callaghy, Thomas. The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in
Comparative Perspective. New York: Columbia University
Press, 1984.
Chomé, Jules. L'ascension de Mobutu: du Sergent Joseph Désiré
au Général Sese Seko. Brussels: Éditions Complexe, 1974.
Curtin, Philip, Steven Feierman, Leonard Thompson, and Jan Vansina.
African History. Boston: Little, Brown, 1978.
Dayal, Rajwshwar. Mission for Hammarskjöld. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1976.
Ekwe-Ekwe, Herbert. Conflict and Intervention in Africa:
Nigeria, Angola, Zaire. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
Fabian, Johannes. Language and Colonial Power. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Gérard-Libais, Jules. Katanga Secession. (Trans., Rebecca
Young.) Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1966.
Gérard-Libais, Jules, and Benoît Verhaegen. Congo 1960.
Brussels: Centre de recherche et d'information socio-
politique, 1961.
Gibbs, David N. "Dag Hammarskjöld, the United Nations, and the
Congo Crisis of 1960-1: A Reinterpretation," Journal of
Modern African Studies [London], 31, No. 1, 1993, 163-74.
______. The Political Economy of Third World Intervention:
Mines, Money, and U.S. Policy in the Congo Crisis.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Gould, David. Bureaucratic Corruption and Underdevelopment in
the Third World: The Case of Zaire. Elmsford, New York:
Pergamon Press, 1980.
Hodgkin, Thomas. Nationalism in Colonial Africa. New York:
New York University Press, 1957.
Kalb, Madeleine G. The Congo Cables: The Cold War in Africa--
From Eisenhower to Kennedy. New York: Macmillan, 1982.
Kalele-ka-Bila. "La culture obligatoire du coton au Congo belge,"
Africa [Rome], 47, No. 1, March 1992, 83-92.
Kamitatu-Massamba, Cléophas. La grande mystification du Congo-
Kinshasa. Paris: Éditions Maspero, 1971.
Kanza, Thomas. The Rise and Fall of Patrice Lumumba: Conflict
in the Congo. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Schenkman, 1977.
Kinder, Hermann, and Werner Hilgemann. The Anchor Atlas of
World History, 2. (Trans., Ernest A. Menze.) Garden City,
New York: Anchor Books, 1978.
Lefever, Ernest. Crisis in the Congo: A United Nations Force in
Action. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1965.
Lemarchand, René. "The Bases of Nationalism among the Bakongo,"
Africa [Rome], 31, No. 4, 1961, 344-54.
------. "Congo-Léopoldville." Pages 560-96 in James S. Coleman and
Carl Rosberg (eds.), Political Parties and National
Integration in Tropical Africa. Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1964.
------. "The Limits of Self-Determination: The Case of the
Katanga," American Political Science Review, 61, No.
2, 1962, 404-16.
------. Political Awakening in the Belgian Congo.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964.
Martens, Ludo. Pierre Mulele and the Kwilu Uprising in
Zaire. (Trans., Michael Wolfers.) Atlantic Highlands, New
Jersey: Zed Books, 1992.
Nguza Karl-i-Bond. Mobutu ou l'incarnation du mal zaïrois.
London: Collings, 1982.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges. "The Continuing Struggle for National
Liberation in Zaire," Journal of Modern African
Studies [London], 17, No. 4, 1979, 595-614.
Peemans, J.P. "The Social and Economic Development of Zaire since
Independence," African Affairs, 74, No. 295, 1975,
422-35.
Ryckmans, Pierre. Dominer pour servir. Brussels: Éditions
Nouvelles, 1948.
Rymenam, Jean. "Classes sociales, pouvoir et économie au Zaïre, ou
comment le sous-développement enrichit les gouvernements,"
Genève-Afrique [Geneva], 19, No. 1, 1980, 43-53.
Schatzberg, Michael G. The Dialectics of Oppression in
Zaire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.
------. Politics and Class in Zaire: Bureaucracy, Business, and
Beer in Lisala. New York: Africana, 1980.
Slade, Ruth. King Leopold's Congo. London: Oxford
University Press, 1962.
Stengers, Jean. "The Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo Before
1914." Pages 251-92 in L.H. Gann and Peter Duignan (eds.),
Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960. London: Cambridge
University Press, 1969.
Thornton, John K. The Kingdom of Congo: Civil War and
Transition, 1641-1718. Madison: University of Wisconsin
Press, 1983.
Vansina, Jan. Kingdoms of the Savanna. Madison: University
of Wisconsin Press, 1968.
------. Paths in the Rainforests: Toward a History of Political
Tradition in Equatorial Africa. Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1990.
------. "The Peoples of the Forest." Pages 75-118 in David
Birmingham and Phyllis M. Martin (eds.), History of
Central Africa, 1. New York: Longman, 1983.
Willame, Jean-Claude. Patrice Lumumba: La crise congolaise
revisitée. Paris: Éditions Karthala, 1990.
------. Patrimonialism and Political Change in the Congo.
Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972.
------. "La seconde guerre du Shaba," Genève-Afrique
[Geneva], 16, No. 1, 1977-78, 87-89.
Young, Crawford. "The Colonial State and Post-Colonial Crisis."
Pages 1-31 in Prosser Gifford and W. Roger Louis (eds.),
Decolonization and African Independence. New Haven:
Yale University Press, 1988.
------. Politics in the Congo. Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 1965.
------. "The Politics of Separatism: Katanga 1960-63." Pages
167-208 in Gwendolen M. Carter (ed.), Politics in
Africa. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1966.
------. "Rebellion and the Congo." Pages 209-45 in Robert I.
Rotberg (ed.), Rebellion in Black Africa. London:
Oxford University Press, 1971.
Young, Crawford, and Thomas Turner. The Rise and Decline of the
Zairian State. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1985.
Chapter 2
Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents,
1988-1989. (Ed., Marion E. Doro.) New York: Africana,
1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1992. (21st ed.) London:
Europa, 1991.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1993. (22d ed.) London:
Europa, 1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1994. (23d ed.) London:
Europa, 1993.
Berkeley, Bill. "Zaire: An African Horror Story," Atlantic
Monthly, 272, No. 2, August 1993, 20-28.
Boute, Joseph, and Léon de Saint Moulin. Perspectives
démographiques régionales, 1975-1985. Kinshasa: Zaire,
Département du plan, 1978.
Boyle, Patrick M. "Beyond Self-Protection to Prophecy: The Catholic
Church and Political Change in Zaire," Africa Today,
39, No. 3, 1992, 49-66.
Coquéry-Vidrovitch, Catherine, Alain Forest, and Herbert Weiss
(eds.). Rébellions-révolution au Zaïre, 1963-1965.
Paris: Harmattan, 1987.
Davis-Roberts, Christopher. "Kutambuwa Ugonjuwa: Concepts of
Illness and Transformation among the Tabwa of Zaire." Pages
376-92 in Steven Feierman and John M. Janzen (eds.), The
Social Basis of Health and Healing in Africa.
(Comparative Studies of Health Systems and Medical Care, No.
30.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.
Encyclopedia of the Third World. (4th ed.) (Ed., George
Thomas Kurian.) New York: Facts on File, 1992.
Federal Republic of Germany. Statistisches Bundesamt.
Länderbericht Zaïre, 1990. (Statistik des Auslandes
Series.) Wiesbaden: 1990.
Feierman, Steven, and John M. Janzen (eds.). The Social Basis
of Health and Healing in Africa. (Comparative Studies of
Health Systems and Medical Care, No. 30.) Berkeley: University
of California Press, 1992.
Goovaerts, Leo. "L'église et l'état au Zaïre à l'épreuve de
l'authenticité," Cultures et Développement [Louvain,
Belgium], 7, No. 2, 1975, 243-84.
Gould, David J. Bureaucratic Corruption and Underdevelopment in
the Third World: The Case of Zaire. Elmsford, New York:
Pergamon Press, 1980.
Guthrie, Malcolm. The Classification of the Bantu
Languages. London: Oxford University Press, 1948.
Harms, Robert W. River of Wealth, River of Sorrow: The Central
Zaire Basin in the Era of the Slave and Ivory Trade, 1500-
1891. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981.
Hart, T.B. "The Ecology of a Single Species-Dominant Forest and
Mixed Forest in Zaire." (Ph.D. dissertation.) Ann Arbor:
Michigan State University, 1985.
Hoffman, Dan C. "Zaire's Protestants in Search of Social
Legitimacy," Africa Today, 39, No. 3, 1992, 69-76.
Jewsiewicki, Bogumil, and David Newbury (eds.) African
Historiographies: What History for Which Africa? Beverly
Hills: Sage, 1986.
Kabongo-Mbaya, Ph.B. "Protestantisme zaïrois et déclin du
Mobutisme," Politique Africaine [Paris], 41, 1991,
72-89.
Léonard, Charles. Profils de l'économie du Zaire: Années
1955-1987. Kinshasa: Zaire, Département de l'économie
nationale et de l'industrie, 1987.
Matondo, Kunsunga. Développement inégalitaire et disparités
régionales dans les pays du Tiers-monde: Cas du Zaïre.
Kinshasa: Université de Kinshasa, Faculté des sciences
économiques, 1986.
MacGaffey, Janet. Entrepreneurs and Parasites: The Struggle for
Indigenous Capitalism in Zaire. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1987.
------. "Evading Male Control: Women in the Second Economy in
Zaire." Pages 161-76 in Sharon B. Stichter and Jane L. Parpart
(eds.), Patriarchy and Class: African Women in the Home
and the Work Force. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press,
1988.
------. "Initiatives from Below: Zaire's Other Path to Social and
Economic Restructuring." Pages 243-61 in Goran Hyden and
Michael Bratton (eds.), Governance and Politics in
Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1992.
MacGaffey, Janet (ed.). The Real Economy of Zaire: The
Contribution of Smuggling and Other Unofficial Activities to
National Wealth. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania
Press, 1991.
MacGaffey, Wyatt. Astonishment and Power. Washington:
Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993.
------. "The Policy of National Integration in Zaire," Journal
of Modern African Studies [London], 20, No. 1, 1982, 87-
105.
------. Religion and Society in Central Africa: The BaKongo of
Lower Zaire. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.
Manwana Mungongo. "Les droits de la femme travailleuse au Zaïre,"
Zaïre-Afrique [Kinshasa], 163, 1982, 165-80.
Miracle, Marvin P. Agriculture in the Congo Basin: Tradition
and Change in African Rural Economies. Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press, 1967.
Mwene-Batende. "Le Kitawala dans l'évolution socio-politique
récente: Cas du groupe Belukela dans la ville du Kisangani,"
Cahiers des Religions Africaines [Kinshasa], 10,
1976, 81-105.
Newbury, Catharine. "Ebutumwa Bw'Emiogo: The Tyranny of Cassava, A
Women's Tax Revolt in Eastern Zaire," Canadian Journal of
African Studies [Ottawa], 18, 1984, 35-54.
------. "Survival Strategies in Rural Zaire: Realities of Coping
with Crisis." Pages 99-112 in Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja (ed.),
The Crisis in Zaire: Myths and Realities. Trenton,
New Jersey: Africa World Press, 1986.
Newbury, Catharine, and Brooke G. Schoepf. "State, Peasantry, and
Agrarian Crisis in Zaire: Does Gender Make a Difference?"
Pages 91-110 in Jane L. Parpart and Kathleen A. Staudt (eds.),
Women and the State in Africa. Boulder, Colorado:
Rienner, 1989.
Newbury, David. Kings and Clans: Ijwi Island and the Lake Kivu
Rift, 1780-1840. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1991.
Nsondé, Jean. "Christianisme et religion traditionelle en pays
kongo aux dixseptième-dixhuitième siècles," Cahiers
d'Études Africaines [Paris], 128, Nos. 32-34, 1992, 705-
11.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges. "The Continuing Struggle for National
Liberation in Zaire," Journal of Modern African
Studies [London], 17, No. 4, 1979, 595-614.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges (ed.). The Crisis in Zaire: Myths and
Realities. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press, 1986.
Packard, Randall M. Chiefship and Cosmology: An Historical
Study of Political Competition. Bloomington: Indiana
University Press, 1981.
Parpart, Jane L., and Kathleen A. Staudt (eds.). Women and the
State in Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1989.
Roberts, Renée G. Inducing the Deluge: Zaire's Internally
Displaced People. (U.S. Committee for Refugees, Issue
Paper.) Washington: American Council for Nationalities
Service, 1993.
Saint Moulin, Léon de. Atlas des collectivités du Zaïre.
Kinshasa: Presses universitaires du Zaïre, 1976.
Schatzberg, Michael G. The Dialectics of Oppression in
Zaire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.
------. Politics and Class in Zaire: Bureaucracy, Business, and
Beer in Lisala. New York: Africana, 1980.
Schildkrout, Enid, and Curtis A. Keim. African Reflections: Art
from Northeastern Zaire. Seattle: University of
Washington Press, 1990.
Schoepf, Brooke G., and Claude Schoepf. "Food Crisis and Agrarian
Change in the Eastern Highlands of Zaire," Urban
Anthropology, 16, No. 1, Spring 1987, 5-37.
Schoepf, Brooke G., and Walu Engundu. "Women's Trade and
Contributions to Household Budgets in Kinshasa." Pages 124-51
in Janet MacGaffey (ed.), The Real Economy of Zaire: The
Contribution of Smuggling and Other Unofficial Activities to
National Wealth. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania
Press, 1991.
Scott, James C. The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and
Subsistence in Southeast Asia. New Haven: Yale University
Press, 1976.
The Statesman's Yearbook, 1991-1992. (Ed., Brian Hunter.)
New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991.
The Statesman's Yearbook, 1992-1993. (Ed., Brian Hunter.)
New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.
The Statesman's Yearbook, 1993-1994. (Ed., Brian Hunter.)
New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.
Thornton, John K. The Kingdom of Kongo: Civil War and
Transition, 1641-1718. Madison: University of Wisconsin
Press, 1983.
United Nations. World Population Prospects as Assessed in
1990. New York: 1990.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook,
1991. Washington: GPO, 1991.
------. Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook,
1992. Washington: GPO, 1992.
------. Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook,
1993. Washington: GPO, 1993.
------. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. World
Population Profile: 1994. (Report WP/94.) Washington:
GPO, 1994.
U.S. Committee for Refugees. World Refugee Survey, 1992.
Washington: American Council for Nationalities Service, 1992.
Vansina, Jan. "The History of God among the Kuba," Africa
[Rome], 28, No. 1, 1983, 17-39.
------. Introduction à l'ethnographie du Congo. Kinshasa:
Éditions universitaires du Congo, 1966.
------. "Knowledge and Perceptions of the African Past." Pages
28-42 in Bogumil Jewsiewicki and David Newbury (eds.),
African Historiographies: What History for Which
Africa? Beverly Hills, California: Sage, 1986.
------. Paths in the Rainforests: Toward a History of Political
Tradition in Equatorial Africa. Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1990.
------. "Western Bantu Expansion," Journal of African
History, 25, No. 2, 1984, 129-45.
Verhaegen, Benoît. "L'enseignement supérieur: Vers l'explosion,"
Politique Africaine [Paris], 41, 1991, 72-89.
Verhaegen, Benoît, Muamba Ngalula, and Kinsangani Endenda. "La
marginalité, le mariage, et l'instruction à Kinsangani,"
Canadian Journal of African Studies [Ottawa], 18, No.
1, 1984, 131-37.
Vwakyanakazi, Mukohya. "Import and Export in the Second Economy in
North Kivu." Pages 43-71 in Janet MacGaffey (ed.), The
Real Economy of Zaire: The Contribution of Smuggling and Other
Unofficial Activities to National Wealth. Philadelphia:
University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991.
Willame, Jean-Claude. "L'automne d'une monarchie," Politique
Africaine [Paris], 41, 1991, 72-89.
Witte, John. "Deforestation in Zaire: Logging and Landlessness,"
Ecologist, 22, March-April 1992, 58-68.
World Bank. Social Indicators of Development, 1993.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993.
Young, Crawford. The Politics of Cultural Pluralism.
Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1976.
Young, Crawford, and Thomas Turner. The Rise and Decline of the
Zairian State. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1985.
Zaire. Département du plan, Institut national de la statistique.
Le Zaïre en chiffres. Kinshasa: 1988.
(Various issues of the following publications were also used in
the preparation of this chapter: African Affairs;
African Studies Review; Africa Research Bulletin
(Political, Social, and Cultural Series) [London]; Amnesty
International, Urgent Action; Anthropus;
Cahiers du CEDAF [Brussels]; Canadian Journal of
Political Science [Ottawa]; Cultures et Développement
[Louvain, Belgium]; Ethnology; Études zaïroises
[Kinshasa]; Executive News Service; Foreign Broadcast
Information Service, Daily Report: Sub-Saharan Africa;
Journal of African History; Journal of African
Religions; Journal of Modern African Studies
[London]; Kongo ya Sika [Kinshasa]; Marchés Tropicaux
et Méditeranéens [Paris]; Revue des Forces
Armées Zaïroises [Kinshasa]; Revue Nouvelle [Paris];
Telex Africa [Brussels]; and Zaïre-Afrique
[Kinshasa].)
Chapter 3
Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents,
1988-1989. (Ed., Marion E. Doro.) New York: Africana,
1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1993. (22d ed.) London:
Europa, 1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1994. (23d ed.) London:
Europa, 1993.
Blumenthal, Erwin. "Zaire: Rapport sur sa crédibilité financière
internationale," Revue Nouvelle [Paris], 77, No. 11,
1982, 360-78.
Bobb, F. Scott. Historical Dictionary of Zaire. (African
Historical Dictionaries Series, No. 43.) Metuchen, New Jersey:
Scarecrow Press, 1988.
Callaghy, Thomas M. "The Ritual Dance of the Debt Game," Africa
Report, September-October 1984, 22-24.
------. The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in Comparative
Perspective. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
The Europa World Year Book, 1993. London: Europa, 1993.
Federal Republic of Germany. Statistisches Bundesamt.
Länderbericht Zaire, 1990. (Statistik des Auslandes
Series.) Wiesbaden: 1990.
Gould, David. Bureaucratic Corruption and Underdevelopment in
the Third World: The Case of Zaire. Elmsford, New York:
Pergamon Press, 1980.
Gran, Guy, and Galen Hull (eds.). Zaire: The Political Economy
of Underdevelopment. New York: Praeger, 1979.
International Monetary Fund. Zaire: Use of Fund Resources.
Washington: April 30, 1987.
International Petroleum Encyclopedia, 1992. (Ed., Jim
West.) Tulsa, Oklahoma: Pennwell, 1992.
Kronsten, Gregory. Zaire to the 1990s: Will Retrenchment
Work? (A Special Report of the Economist Intelligence
Unit.) London: Economist, March 1986.
Léonard, Charles. Conjoncture économique. Kinshasa: Zaire,
Département de l'économie nationale et de l'industrie, October
1987.
Leslie, Winsome J. The World Bank and Structural Transformation
in Developing Countries: The Case of Zaire. Boulder,
Colorado: Rienner, 1987.
MacGaffey, Janet. "Initiatives from Below: Zaire's Other Path to
Social and Economic Restructuring." Pages 243-61 in Goran
Hyden and Michael Bratton (eds.), Governance and Politics
in Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1992.
MacGaffey, Janet (ed.). The Real Economy of Zaire: The
Contribution of Smuggling and Other Unofficial Activities to
National Wealth. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania
Press, 1991.
Mokoli, Mondonga M. State Against Development: The Experience
of Post-1965 Zaire. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992.
Morgan, George A., Kevin Connor, and Ben A. Kornhauser.
Zaire. (Mineral Perspectives.) Washington: Department
of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.
Peemans, J.P. "The Social and Economic Development of Zaire since
Independence," African Affairs, 74, No. 295, 1975,
422-35.
Riddell, James C., Jeswald W. Salacuse, and David Tabachnick. "The
National Land Law of Zaire and Indigenous Land Tenure in
Central Bandundu, Zaire." (Research paper.) Madison: Land
Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin, 1987.
Rymenam, Jean. "Classes sociales, pouvoir, et économie au Zaïre, ou
comment le sous-développement enrichit les gouvernements,"
Genève-Afrique [Geneva], 19, No. 1, 1980, 43-53.
Simons, E., B. Verhaegen, and J.C. Willame. Transfert de
technologie et emploi en Afrique, 2: Endettement,
technologies, et industrialisation au Zaïre (1970-1981).
Brussels: CEDAF, 1981.
Turner, Thomas E. "Decline or Recovery in Zaire?" Current
History, 87, No. 529, May 1988, 213-16, 230.
United States. Department of State. United States Embassy,
Kinshasa. Economic Trends Report, Zaire. Washington:
June 1989.
------. Department of State. Investment Climate Statement,
Republic of Zaire. Washington: February 1988.
Vengroff, Richard. Development Administration at the Local
Level: The Case of Zaire. Syracuse: Maxwell School of
Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, 1983.
Willame, Jean-Claude. Zaïre: L'épopée d'Inga. Paris:
Harmattan, 1986.
Witte, John. "Deforestation in Zaire: Logging and Landlessness,"
Ecologist, 22, March-April 1992, 58-68.
World Bank. Staff Appraisal Report: Zaire, Second Power
Project. Washington: June 1986.
Young, Crawford, and Thomas Turner. The Rise and Decline of the
Zairian State. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1985.
Zaire. Département du plan. Institut national de la statistique.
Le Zaïre en chiffres. Kinshasa: 1988.
(Various issues of the following publications were also used in
the preparation of this chapter: Africa Confidential
[London]; Africa Economic Digest [London]; Africa
Report; Economist [London]; Economist Intelligence
Unit, Country Profile: Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi [London];
Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Zaire, Rwanda,
Burundi [London]; Foreign Broadcast Information Service,
Daily Report: Sub-Saharan Africa; Marchés Tropicaux et
Méditeranéens [Paris]; New York Times; Wall
Street Journal; and Washington Post.)
Chapter 4
Adelman, Kenneth Lee. "The Church-State Conflict in Zaire,"
African Studies Review, 18, No. 1, April 1975, 103-
16.
------. "The Political Party in Zaire as a Religious Surrogate,"
Africa Today, 23, No. 4, October-December 1976, 47-
58.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1992. (21st ed.) London:
Europa, 1991.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1993. (22d ed.) London:
Europa, 1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1994. (23d ed.) London:
Europa, 1993.
Amnesty International. Political Imprisonment in Zaire: An AI
Special Briefing. New York: 1983.
Askin, Steve. "Amid Stench and Decay, Professors and Students in
Zaire Struggle to Keep Their Impoverished University Alive,"
The Chronicle of Higher Education, 34, No. 20,
January 27, 1988, A1, A42-43.
Asch, Susan. L'église du prophète Kimbangu: De ses origines à
son rôle actuel au Zaïre (1921-1981). Paris: Éditions
Karthala, 1983.
Badibanga, André. "Je suis le 'père de la nation'," Le Mois en
Afrique [Paris], Nos. 180-81, December 1980-January 1981,
103-16.
Bayart, J.F. La politique africaine de François
Mitterrand. Paris: Éditions Karthala, 1984.
Berkeley, Bill. "Zaire: An African Horror Story," Atlantic
Monthly, 272, No. 2, August 1993, 20-28.
Bianga, Waruzi. "Peasant, State, and Rural Development in
Post-Independent Zaire: A Case Study of 'Réforme Rurale',
1970-1980, and Its Implications." (Ph.D. dissertation.)
Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1981.
Blumenthal, Erwin. "Zaire: Rapport sur sa crédibilité financière
internationale," Revue Nouvelle [Paris], 77, No. 11,
1982, 360-78.
Brausch, Georges. Belgian Administration in the Congo.
Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1986.
Buana Kabue. Citoyen président: Lettre ouverte au Président
Mobutu Sese Seko . . . et aux autres. Paris: Harmattan,
1978.
Bustin, Edouard. "The Foreign Policy of the Republic of Zaire,"
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science, 489, January 1987, 63-75.
Buyseniers, Rob. L'église zaïroise au service de quelle
nation? Brussels: Cahiers A.F.R.I.C.A., 1980.
Callaghy, Thomas M. Culture and Politics in Zaire.
(Politics and Culture Series.) Ann Arbor: Center for Political
Studies, Institute for Social Research, University of
Michigan, 1987.
------. "Internal and External Aspects of Repression by a Lame
Leviathan." Pages 95-125 in George A. Lopez and Michael Stohl
(eds.), Dependence, Development, and State
Repression. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1988.
------. "The Ritual Dance of the Debt Game," Africa
Report, September-October 1984, 22-24.
------. The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in Comparative
Perspective. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
------. Zaire. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1986.
Chomé, Jules. L'ascension de Mobutu: du Sergent Joseph Désiré
au Général Sese Seko. Brussels: Éditions Complexe, 1974.
------. Mobutu et la contre-révolution en Afrique.
Waterloo, Belgium: Tiers-monde et révolution, 1967.
Comité Zaïre. "(Les) Syndicats belges et le syndicat du guide,"
Info-Zaïre [Brussels], No. 34, January-March 1982, 3-
20.
------. Zaïre: Le dossier de la récolonisation. Paris:
Harmattan, 1978.
Crabb, John H. The Legal System of Congo-Kinshasa.
Charlottesville, Virginia: Michie, 1970.
De Vos, Pierre. La décolonisation: Les évènements du Congo de
1959 à 1967. Brussels: Éditions ABC, 1975.
Goovaerts, Leo. "L'église et l'état au Zaïre à l'épreuve de
l'authenticité," Cultures et Développement [Louvain,
Belgium], 7, No. 2, 1975, 243-84.
Gould, David J. Bureaucratic Corruption and Underdevelopment in
the Third World: The Case of Zaire. Elmsford, New York:
Pergamon Press, 1980.
Gran, Guy. Development by People: Citizen Construction of a
Just World. New York: Praeger, 1983.
Gran, Guy, and Galen Hull (eds.). Zaire: The Political Economy
of Underdevelopment. New York: Praeger, 1979.
Jackson, Robert H., and Carl G. Rosberg. Personal Rule in Black
Africa: Prince, Autocrat, Prophet, Tyrant. Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1982.
Jewsiewicki, Bogumil (ed.). État indépendant du Congo, Congo
belge, République démocratique du Congo, République du
Zaïre? Saint-Foy, Canada: SAFI Press, 1984.
Kwitney, Jonathan. Endless Enemies: The Making of an Unfriendly
World. New York: Congdon and Weed, 1984.
Laïdi, Zaki. The Super-Powers and Africa: The Constraints of a
Rivalry, 1960-1990. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1990.
Lemarchand, René. "The State, the Parallel Economy, and the
Changing Structure of Patronage Systems." Pages 149-70 in
Donald Rothchild and Naomi Chazan (eds.), The Precarious
Balance: State and Society in Africa. Boulder, Colorado:
Westview Press, 1988.
------. "Zaire: The Unmanageable Client-State." Pages 145-64 in
René Lemarchand (ed.), American Policy in Southern Africa:
The Stakes and the Stance. (2d ed.) Lanham, Maryland:
University Press of America, 1981.
Leslie, Winsome J. The World Bank and Structural Transformation
in Developing Countries: The Case of Zaire. Boulder,
Colorado: Rienner, 1987.
------. Zaire: Continuity and Political Change in an Oppressive
State. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1993.
"Lettre ouverte au citoyen président, fondateur du Mouvement
Populaire de la Révolution, président de la République par un
groupe de parlementaires," Politique Africaine
[Paris], 1, No. 3, September 1981, 94-140.
Mabi Mulumba and Mtamba Makombo. Cadres et dirigeants au Zaïre:
Qui sont-ils? Dictionnaire biographique. Kinshasa:
Éditions du C.R.P., 1986.
MacGaffey, Janet. "Initiatives from Below: Zaire's Other Path to
Social and Economic Restructuring." Pages 243-61 in Goran
Hyden and Michael Bratton (eds.), Governance and Politics
in Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1992.
MacGaffey, Wyatt. "The Policy of National Integration in Zaire,"
Journal of Modern African Studies [London], 20, No.
1, 1982, 87-105.
Makau wa Mutua and Peter Rosenblum. Zaire: Repression as
Policy--A Human Rights Report. New York: Lawyers'
Committee for Human Rights, 1990.
Naipaul, V.S. "A New King for the Congo: Mobutu and the Nihilism of
Africa." Pages 183-219 in V.S. Naipaul (ed.), The Return
of Eva Peron, with the Killings in Trinidad. New York:
Random House, 1981.
Nguza Karl-i-Bond. Mobutu, ou l'incarnation du mal
zaïrois. London: Collings, 1982.
Nimer, Benjamin. "The Congo in Soviet Policy," Survey
[London], 86, No. 1, Winter 1973, 184-210.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges. Class Struggles and National
Liberation in Africa: Essays on the Political Economy of
Neocolonialism. Roxbury, Massachusetts: Omenana, 1982.
------. "The Continuing Struggle for National Liberation in Zaire,"
Journal of Modern African Studies [London], 17, No.
4, 1979, 595-614.
------. "Mobutu's Dirty Tactics," West Africa, No. 3979,
December 27, 1993-January 9, 1994, 2345.
------. Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Africa: Essays in
Contemporary Politics. London: Zed Books, 1987.
------. "United States Policy Towards Zaire." Pages 225-88 in
Gerald J. Bender, James S. Coleman, and Richard L. Sklar
(eds.), African Crisis Areas and U.S. Foreign Policy.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges (ed.). The Crisis in Zaire: Myths and
Realities. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press, 1986.
Odier, Jeannick. "La politique étrangère de Mobutu," Revue
Française d'Études Politiques Africaines [Paris], No.
120, December 1975, 25-41.
Pachter, Elise Forbes. "Our Man in Kinshasa: U.S. Relations with
Mobutu, 1970-83, Patron-Client Relations in the International
Sphere." (Ph.D. dissertation.) Washington: School of Advanced
International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, 1987.
"Pile et face: Bilan de la coopération belgo-zaïroise," Revue
Nouvelle [Paris], Special issue, March 1989.
Rymenam, Jean. "Classes sociales, pouvoir, et économie au Zaïre, ou
comment le sous-développement enrichit les gouvernements,"
Genève-Afrique [Geneva], 19, No. 1, 1980, 43-53.
Schatzberg, Michael G. The Dialectics of Oppression in
Zaire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.
------. "Ethnicity and Class at the Local Level: Bars and
Bureaucrats in Lisala, Zaire," Comparative Politics,
13, No. 4, July 1983, 461-78.
------. "Military Intervention and the Myth of Collective Security:
The Case of Zaire," Journal of Modern African Studies
[London], 27, No. 2, 1989, 315-40.
------. Mobutu or Chaos? The United States and Zaire, 1960-
1990. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1991.
------. Politics and Class in Zaire: Bureaucracy, Business, and
Beer in Lisala. New York: Africana, 1980.
------. "Zaire." Pages 283-318 in Timothy M. Shaw and Olajide Aluko
(eds.), The Political Economy of African Foreign Policy:
Comparative Analysis. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984.
Schoepf, Brooke G. "Man and Biosphere in Zaire." Pages 269-90 in
Jonathan Barker (ed.), The Politics of Agriculture in
Tropical Africa. Beverly Hills, California: Sage, 1984.
Shaw, Timothy M. "Beyond Neo-Colonialism: Varieties of Corporatism
in Africa," Journal of Modern African Studies
[London], 20, No. 2, 1982, 239-61.
Simons, E., B. Verhaegen, and J.C. Willame. Transfert de
technologie et emploi en Afrique, 2: Endettement,
technologies, et industrialisation au Zaïre (1970-1981).
Brussels: CEDAF, 1981.
Stockwell, John. In Search of Enemies. New York: Norton,
1978.
Turner, Margaret A. "Housing in Zaire: How the System Works and How
the People Cope." (Ph.D. dissertation.) Madison: University of
Wisconsin, 1985.
Turner, Thomas E. "The Case of Zaire: Is Mobutu a Corporatist?"
Pages 129-47 in Julius E. Nyang'oro and Timothy M. Shaw
(eds.), Corporatism in Africa. Boulder, Colorado:
Westview Press, 1989.
------. "Chiefs, Bureaucrats, and the MPR of Zaire." Pages 370-91
in Kay Lawson (ed.), Political Parties and Linkage.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1980.
------. "Decline or Recovery in Zaire?" Current History,
87, No. 529, May 1988, 213-16, 230.
------. "Mobutu's Zaire: Permanently on the Verge of Collapse?"
Current History, 80, No. 463, March 1981, 124-27,
130.
------. "Zaire: Stalemate and Compromise," Current
History, 84, No. 501, April 1985, 179-83.
Tutashinda, N. "Les mystifications de l'authenticité,"
Pensées [Paris], 175, May-June 1974.
United States. Congress. 102d, 1st Session. Senate. Committee on
Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs. The
Situation in Zaire. (Hearing, November 6, 1991.)
Washington: GPO, 1992.
------. Congress. 102d, 2d Session. Senate. Committee on Foreign
Relations. Emergency Situation in Zaire and Somalia.
(Hearing, February 5, 1992.) Washington: GPO, 1992.
------. Department of State. Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices for 1991. (Report submitted to United States
Congress, 102d, 2d Session, House of Representatives,
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and Senate, Committee on Foreign
Relations.) Washington: GPO, 1992.
Vanderlinden, Jacques (ed.). Du Congo au Zaïre 1960-1980: Essai
de bilan. Brussels: Centre de recherche et d'information
socio-politiques, 1980.
Vansina, Jan. "Mwasi's Trials," Daedalus, 111, No. 2,
Spring 1982, 49-70.
Verhaegen, Benoît. L'enseignement universitaire au Zaïre: De
Lovanium à l'Unaza, 1958-1978. Paris: Harmattan, 1978.
------. "Les mouvements de libération en Afrique: Le cas du Zaïre
en 1978," Genève-Afrique [Geneva], 17, No. 1, 1979,
173-81.
Weissman, Stephen R. "CIA Covert Action in Zaire and Angola:
Patterns and Consequences," Political Science
Quarterly, 94, No. 2, Summer 1979, 263-86.
Willame, Jean-Claude. L'automne d'un despotisme: Pouvoir,
argent, et obéissance dans le Zaïre des années quatre-
vingt. Paris: Éditions Karthala, 1992.
------. Patrimonialism and Political Change in the Congo.
Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972.
------. Zaïre: L'épopée d'Inga. Paris: Harmattan, 1986.
Wilson, Francille Rusan. "Reinventing the Past and Circumscribing
the Future: Authenticité and the Negative Image of
Women's Work in Zaire." Pages 153-70 in Edna G. Bay (ed.),
Women and Work in Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Westview
Press, 1982.
Young, Crawford. "Elections in Zaire: The Shadow of Democracy."
Pages 187-212 in Fred M. Hayward (ed.), Elections in
Independent Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press,
1987.
------. "Ethnic Politics in Zaire." Pages 163-215 in Crawford Young
(ed.), The Politics of Cultural Pluralism. Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press, 1976.
------. "Zaire and the Soviet Union." Pages 202-24 in Dennis L.
Bark (ed.), The Red Orchestra, 2: The Case of Africa.
Stanford, California: Hoover Institution Press, 1988.
------. "Zaire: The Unending Crisis," Foreign Affairs, 57,
No. 1, Fall 1978, 169-85.
------. "The Zairian Crisis and American Foreign Policy." Pages
209-24 in Gerald J. Bender, James S. Coleman, and Richard L.
Sklar (eds.), African Crisis Areas and U.S. Foreign
Policy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
Young, Crawford, and Thomas Turner. The Rise and Decline of the
Zairian State. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1985.
Zartman, I. William. Ripe for Resolution: Conflict and
Intervention in Africa. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1985.
(Various issues of the following publications were also used in
the preparation of this chapter: Africa Confidential;
Cahiers du CEDAF [Brussels]; Current History;
Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Zaire, Rwanda,
Burundi [London]; Economist Intelligence Unit, Country
Report: Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi [London]; Foreign Broadcast
Information Service, Daily Report: Sub-Saharan Africa;
Jeune Afrique [Paris]; Le Monde [Paris]; New
York Times; and Washington Post.)
Chapter 5
Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents,
1988-1989. (Ed., Marion E. Doro.) New York: Africana,
1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1992. (21st ed.) London:
Europa, 1991.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1993. (22d ed.) London:
Europa, 1992.
Africa South of the Sahara, 1994. (23d ed.) London:
Europa, 1993.
Africa Watch. Zaire: Two Years Without Transition. New
York: July 1992.
Amnesty International. Amnesty International Report, 1991.
New York: 1991.
------. Amnesty International Report, 1992. New York:
1992.
------. Amnesty International Report, 1993. New York:
1993.
------. Human Rights Violations in Zaire. London: 1980.
------. The Ill-Treatment and Torture of Political Prisoners at
Detention Centers in Kinshasa. London: 1980.
------. Political Imprisonment in Zaire: An AI Special
Briefing. New York: 1983.
------. Report on Cases of Nineteen People Tried by the Court
of State Security in Kinshasa, June 1982. London: 1982.
------. Student Arrests in Zaire During the First Half of
1980. London: 1980.
------. Summary of Concerns in the Republic of Zaire.
London: 1987.
------. Zaire: Amnesty International Concerns Between January
1987 and January 1988. New York: 1988.
------. Zaire: Reports of Torture and Killings Committed by the
Armed Forces in Shaba Region. London: 1986.
Berkeley, Bill. "Zaire: An African Horror Story," Atlantic
Monthly, 272, No. 2, August 1993, 20-28.
Bobb, F. Scott. "Another Rescue Operation," Africa Report,
March-April 1979, 16-20.
Callaghy, Thomas M. The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in
Comparative Perspective. New York: Columbia University
Press, 1984.
Coquéry-Vidrovitch, Catherine, Alain Forest, and Herbert Weiss
(eds.). Rébellions-révolution au Zaïre, 1963-1965.
Paris: Harmattan, 1987.
Crabb, John H. The Legal System of Congo-Kinshasa.
Charlottesville, Virginia: Michie, 1970.
Fungula, Fumu Ngondji. "Une réflexion sur l'opposition politique
zaïroise." Pages 115-24 in Bogumil Jewsiewicki (ed.), État
indépendant du Congo, Congo belge, République démocratique du
Congo, République du Zaïre? Saint Foy, Canada: SAFI
Press, 1984.
Gérard-Libais, Jules. Katanga Secession. (Trans., Rebecca
Young.) Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1966.
Gildea, Tara. "A Case Study of Zaire's Foreign Policy: Shaba I and
II." (M.A. thesis.) Geneva: Institut universitaire de hautes
études internationales, 1990.
Gould, David J. Bureaucratic Corruption and Underdevelopment in
the Third World: The Case of Zaire. Elmsford, New York:
Pergamon Press, 1980.
------. "Patrons and Clients: The Role of the Military in Zairian
Politics." Pages 465-506 in James Isaac Mowoe (ed.), The
Performance of Soldiers as Governors. Columbus, Ohio:
University Press of America, 1980.
Grundy, Kenneth W. Guerrilla Struggle in Africa: An Analysis
and Review. New York: Grossman, 1971.
Hoare, Michael. Congo Mercenary. London: Hale, 1967.
International League for Human Rights. Zaire's Human Rights
Record: Comments on the Government of Zaire's Official Report
to the Human Rights Committee. New York: 1987.
Jackson, Robert H., and Carl G. Rosberg. Personal Rule in Black
Africa: Prince, Autocrat, Prophet, Tyrant. Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1982.
Jewsiewicki, Bogumil. "Pour une histoire comparée des révoltes
populaires au Congo." Pages 130-57 in Catherine Coquéry-
Vidrovitch, Alain Forest, and Herbert Weiss (eds.),
Rébellions-révolution au Zaïre, 1963-1965. Paris:
Harmattan, 1987.
Kalb, Madeleine G. The Congo Cables: The Cold War in
Africa--From Eisenhower to Kennedy. New York: Macmillan,
1982.
Kengo-wa-Dondo. "Le pouvoir judiciare sous la deuxième république
zaïroise," Studia Diplomatica [Brussels], 28, No. 5,
1975.
Kilch, Ignacio. "Israel Returns to Africa," Middle East
International, No. 176, June 4, 1983, 11-12.
Kitchen, Helen (ed.). Footnotes to the Congo Story. New
York: Walker, 1967.
Kurian, George Thomas. World Encyclopedia of Police Forces and
Penal Systems. New York: Facts on File, 1989.
Lawyers' Committee for Human Rights. Zaire: Repression as
Policy: A Human Rights Report. New York: 1990.
Lefever, Ernest. Crisis in the Congo: A United Nations Force in
Action. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1965.
------. Spear and Scepter. Washington: Brookings
Institution, 1970.
Malu, Malutamidi. The Shaba Invasions. Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas: United States Army Command and General Staff College
Press, 1988.
Mangold, Peter. "Shaba I and Shaba II," Survival [London],
May-June 1979, 107-15.
Meason, James E. "African Navies South of the Sahara," U.S.
Naval Institute Proceedings, March 1987, 56-64.
The Military Balance, 1993-1994. London: International
Institute for Strategic Studies, 1993.
Miller, Charles. Battle for the Bundu: The First World War in
East Africa. New York: Macmillan, 1974.
"Mobutu's Battle for Survival," Africa [London], 91, March
1979, 16-20.
"Mobutu's Secret War," New African [London], No. 191,
August 1983, 11-14.
Mockler, Anthony. The New Mercenaries: The History of the Hired
Soldier from the Congo to the Seychelles. New York:
Paragon House, 1987.
O'Brien, Connor Cruise. To Katanga and Back: A U.N. Case
History. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1962.
Odom, Thomas P. Dragon Operations: Hostage Rescues in the
Congo, 1964-1965. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: United States
Army Command and General Staff College Press, 1988.
------. Shaba II: The French and Belgian Intervention in Zaire
in 1978. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: United States Army
Command and General Staff College Press, 1992.
Ogunbadejo, Oye. "Conflict in Africa: A Case Study of the Shaba
Crisis, 1977," World Affairs, Winter 1979, 219-34.
Paulus, Jean-Pierre. Droit publique du Congo belge.
Brussels: Université libre de Belgique, 1959.
"Republic of Zaire," Journal of Defense and Diplomacy,
October 1986, 28-37.
Salacuse, Jeswald W. Introduction to Law in French-Speaking
Africa. Charlottesville, Virginia: Michie, 1969.
Schatzberg, Michael G. The Dialectics of Oppression in
Zaire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.
------. "Military Intervention and the Myth of Collective Security:
The Case of Zaire," Journal of Modern African Studies
[London], 27, No. 2, 1989, 315-40.
Shaw, Bryant P. Force Publique, Force Unique: The Military in
the Belgian Congo, 1914-1939. Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1987.
Turner, Thomas E. "Decline or Recovery in Zaire?" Current
History, 87, No. 529, May 1988, 213-16, 230.
------. "Zaire's Armed Forces," Journal of Defense and
Diplomacy, October 1986, 38-41.
United States. Agency for International Development. Economic
Development vs. Military Expenditures in Countries Receiving
U.S. Aid. (Report submitted to Congress, 96th, 2d
Session, House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign
Affairs, and Senate, Committee on Foreign Relations.)
Washington: GPO, 1980.
------. Department of Defense. Security Assistance Agency.
Foreign Military Sales, Foreign Military Construction
Sales, and Military Assistance Facts. Washington;
September 1991.
------. Department of State. Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices for 1989. (Report submitted to United States
Congress, 101st, 2d Session, House of Representatives,
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and Senate, Committee on Foreign
Relations.) Washington: GPO, February 1990.
------. Department of State. Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices for 1990. (Report submitted to United States
Congress, 102d, 1st Session, Senate, Committee on Foreign
Relations, and House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign
Affairs.) Washington: GPO, 1991.
------. Department of State. Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices for 1991. (Report submitted to United States
Congress, 102d, 2d Session, House of Representatives,
Committee on Foreign Affairs, and Senate, Committee on Foreign
Relations.) Washington: GPO, 1992.
Verhaegen, Benoît. "La rébellion muleliste au Kwilu: Chronologie
des événements et essai d'interprétation (Janvier 1962-Juillet
1964)." Pages 120-46 in Catherine Coquéry-Vidrovitch, Alain
Forest, and Herbert Weiss (eds.), Rébellions-révolution au
Zaïre, 1963-1965. Paris: Harmattan, 1987.
------. "Le rôle de l'ethnie et de l'individu dans la rébellion du
Kwilu et dans son échec." Pages 147-67 in Catherine Coquéry-
Vidrovitch, Alain Forest, and Herbert Weiss (eds.),
Rébellions-révolution au Zaïre, 1963-1965. Paris:
Harmattan, 1987.
Wagoner, Fred E. Dragon Rouge: The Rescue of Hostages in the
Congo. Washington: National Defense University, 1980.
Weiss, Herbert, and Adrienne Fulco. "Les partisans au Kwilu:
Analyse des origines sociales des membres et cadres des
équipes de base." Pages 168-81 in Catherine Coquéry-
Vidrovitch, Alain Forest, and Herbert Weiss (eds.),
Rébellions-révolution au Zaïre, 1963-1965. Paris:
Harmattan, 1987.
Weissman, Stephen, R. American Foreign Policy in the Congo,
1960-1964. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1974.
------. "CIA Covert Action in Zaire and Angola: Patterns and
Consequences," Political Science Quarterly, 94, No.
2, Summer 1979, 263-86.
Willame, Jean-Claude. "Political Succession in Zaire or Back to
Machiavelli," Journal of Modern African Studies
[London], March 1988, 37-49.
Wright, John B. Francophone Black Africa since
Independence. (Conflict Studies Series.) London:
Institute for the Study of Conflict, 1981.
------. Zaire since Independence. (Conflict Studies
Series.) London: Institute for the Study of Conflict, 1983.
Young, Crawford. Conflict in the Congo. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1965.
------. "Elections in Zaire: The Shadows of Democracy." Pages
187-212 in Fredrick M. Hayward (ed.), Elections in
Independent Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press,
1987.
------. "The Portuguese Coup and Zaire's Southern African Policy."
Pages 195-212 in John Seiler (ed.), Southern Africa since
the Portuguese Coup. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press,
1980.
------. "Zaire and Cameroon." Pages 120-49 in Peter Duignan and
Robert Jackson (eds.), Politics and Government in African
States. Stanford, California: Hoover Institution, 1986.
Young, Crawford, and Thomas Turner. The Rise and Decline of the
Zairian State. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
1985.
(Various issues of the following publications were also used in
the preparation of this chapter: Africa Confidential
[London]; African Defence Journal [Paris]; Amnesty
International, Urgent Action; British Broadcasting
Corporation, Monitoring Service, Summary of World Broadcasts,
Pt. 4: The Middle East, Africa, and Latin America [London];
Christian Science Monitor; DMS Market Intelligence
Reports: Middle East/Africa; Foreign Broadcast Information
Service, Daily Report: Sub-Saharan Africa; Military
Technology; New York Times; Washington Post;
and World Defense Almanac.)